1. After years of delay, the most ambitious observatory ever built has at last left Earth. It now faces a high-stakes series of deployments in deep space.
2. The rocket carrying the largest, most ambitious space telescope in history cleared the launchpad in French Guiana.
3. Half an hour postlaunch, the telescope still needed to decouple from its host rocket, after which it had to deploy solar panels to partly power its journey.
4. As JWST separated from its rocket’s upper stage, a video feed showed the now independent spacecraft gleaming in sunlight, capturing one last close-up look at the observatory before its quest to pierce the veil of cosmic darkness took it inaccessibly far from Earth.
5. The moment JWST’s solar panels emerged, control of the mission officially shifted to Baltimore.
6. The telescope that would become JWST was already under discussion even before HST launched in April 1990. By orbiting Earth, HST would have a line of sight free of the optical distortions endemic to our planet’s atmosphere. It would therefore be able to see farther across the universe (and, given that the speed of light is finite, farther back in time) than any terrestrial telescope.
7. Even so, HST would be observing primarily in optical wavelengths—the tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can detect. The Next Generation Space Telescope (as the future JWST was then known) would be looking at the universe in infrared, the regime into which cosmic expansion would have stretched, or redshifted, visible light emitted more than 13 billion years ago.
8. JWST, however, will be able to see as far into the past as 100 million years after the big bang, a period when most matter consisted of only the primordial elements and was just beginning to coalesce into stars and galaxies. From the inception of JWST, the primary goal has been to glimpse these phenomena—the first luminous objects in the universe.
History of new year
The new year is thought to have originated in ancient Babylon some 4,000 years ago, in the year 2,000 BC. The Babylonians celebrated the new year with an 11-day celebration called Akitu, which included a different rite on each of the days, on the first new moon after the vernal equinox (typically around late March). The festival commemorated the fabled victory of the sky deity Marduk over sea goddess Tiamat, as well as the act of crowning a new monarch or permitting the previous king to rule.
Why do we celebrate New Year’s on January 1?
The early Roman calendar became out of sync with the sun over the years, and in 46 BC, emperor Julius Caesar resolved to fix the problem by contacting the most important astronomers and mathematicians of the period. He established the Julian calendar, which is very similar to the more current Gregorian calendar used by most countries today.
Caesar made January 1 the first day of the year as part of his reforms, partially to commemorate the month’s namesake, Janus, the Roman deity of beginnings. Romans commemorated Janus’ birthday by presenting sacrifices to him, exchanging presents, decorating their homes with laurel branches, and throwing wild celebrations. Christian authorities in mediaeval Europe temporarily supplanted January 1 as the beginning day of the year with days with greater religious significance, such as December 25 (the birth anniversary of Jesus) and March 25 (the Feast of the Annunciation). In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII reestablished January 1 as New Year’s Day.
We can partly thank the Roman king Numa Pompilius. According to tradition, during his reign (c. 715–673 BCE) Numa revised the Roman republican calendar so that January replaced March as the first month. It was a fitting choice, since January was named after Janus, the Roman god of all beginnings; March celebrated Mars, the god of war. (Some sources claim that Numa also created the month of January.) However, there is evidence that January 1 was not made the official start of the Roman year until 153 BCE.
In 46 BCE Julius Caesar introduced more changes, though the Julian calendar, as it became known, retained January 1 as the year’s opening date. With the expansion of the Roman Empire, the use of the Julian calendar also spread. However, following the fall of Rome in the 5th century CE, many Christian countries altered the calendar so that it was more reflective of their religion, and March 25 (the Feast of the Annunciation) and December 25 (Christmas) became common New Year’s Days.
It later became clear that the Julian calendar required additional changes due to a miscalculation concerning leap years. The cumulative effect of this error over the course of several centuries caused various events to take place in the wrong season. It also created problems when determining the date of Easter. Thus, Pope Gregory XIII introduced a revised calendar in 1582. In addition to solving the issue with leap years, the Gregorian calendar restored January 1 as the start of the New Year. While Italy, France, and Spain were among the countries that immediately accepted the new calendar, Protestant and Orthodox nations were slow to adopt it. Great Britain and its American colonies did not begin following the Gregorian calendar until 1752. Before then they celebrated New Year’s Day on March 25.
Over time non-Christian countries also began to use the Gregorian calendar. China (1912) is a notable example, though it continued to celebrate the Chinese New Year according to a lunar calendar. In fact, many countries that follow the Gregorian calendar also have other traditional or religious calendars. Some nations never adopted the Gregorian calendar and thus start the year on dates other than January 1. Ethiopia, for example, celebrates its New Year (known as Enkutatash) in September.
स्टेशन : झांसी ( old name ) / वीरांगना लक्ष्मीबाई ( new name )
state : यूपी
date : 29.12.2021
यूपी सरकार ने एक और रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदल दिया है.अब झांसी रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम वीरांगना लक्ष्मीबाई रेलवे स्टेशन रख दिया गया है. उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार के नाम परिवर्तित करने के प्रस्ताव को केंद्र सरकार द्वारा मंजूरी मिलने के बाद शासनादेश जारी कर दिया गया है.
जानकारी के लिए बता दें कि तीन महीने पहले गृह मंत्रालय को ये प्रस्ताव दिया गया था कि झांसी रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदला जाए. अब उसी प्रस्ताव को स्वीकार करते हुए यूपी सरकार ने झांसी रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदल वीरांगना लक्ष्मीबाई रेलवे स्टेशन कर दिया है. रेलवे स्टेशन का कोड भी अब बदल दिया जाएगा. सरकार की तरफ ये तर्क दिया जा रहा है कि स्टेशन का नाम बदलने से भी क्षेत्र में पर्यटन की संभावनाएं बढ़ सकती हैं. बुंदेलखंड इलाके में भी इसका लाभ देखने को मिल सकता है.
वैसे राज्य सरकार ने कई मौकों पर ये स्पष्ट किया है कि जरूरत के हिसाब से नाम बदले जाएंगे. इससे पहले योगी सरकार ने अपने कार्यकाल में फैजाबाद को अयोध्या, इलाहाबाद को प्रयागराज, मुगलसराय को दीन दयाल उपाध्याय नगर बना दिया गया है. इस बार फर्क ये रहा है कि सरकार ने शहर की जगह किसी रेलवे स्टेशन का नामकरण कर दिया है.
Symptoms for the new COVID Variant “Omicron” are given below.
Note: Symptoms are classified in most common symptoms, less common symptoms & serious symptoms.
Most common symptoms for the new COVID Variant “Omicron” are fever, cough, tiredness, loss of taste or smell.
Less common symptoms for the new COVID Variant “Omicron” are sore throat, headache, aches, pains, diarrhoea, a rash on skin, discolouration of fingers or toes
red or irritated eyes.
Serious symptoms for the new COVID Variant “Omicron” are difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, loss of speech or mobility, or confusion or chest pain.
ओमिक्रोन के असामान्य लक्षण
कोरोना के नए स्ट्रेन ओमिक्रोन को समझने के लिए अब तक कई तरह की स्टडी हो चुकी हैं. एक्सपर्ट्स का कहना है कि इस संक्रमण के लक्षण वास्तविक स्वरूप से भिन्न है. एक्सपर्ट्स कहते हैं कि अलग-अलग वेरिएंट में लक्षण अलग होना सामान्य बात है और ओमिक्रोन वेरिएंट से साथ भी यही है. ओमिक्रोन संक्रमण के लक्षण भी सर्दी-जुकाम की तरह ही होते हैं. हालांकि, इसकी शुरुआत धीरे-धीरे दो असामान्य लक्षणों सिर दर्द और थकान से होती है.
ओमिक्रोन के अन्य प्रकार के लक्षण
विश्व
स्वास्थ्य संगठन (WHO) का कहना है कि कोरोना का ये नया वेरिएंट तीन गुना
ज्यादा संक्रामक है. WHO के मुताबिक, ये ज्यादा से ज्यादा लोगों को
संक्रमित कर सकता है. डेटा के मुताबिक, ये संक्रमण डेल्टा वेरिएंट (Delta
variant) की तरह गंभीर नहीं है. वहीं, ओमिक्रोन के सामान्य लक्षणों में
हल्का बुखार होना शामिल है. इसके अलावा थकान, गले में चुभन और शरीर में
बहुत ज्यादा दर्द भी ओमिक्रोन संक्रमण के खास लक्षण हैं. हालांकि, ओमिक्रोन
में स्वाद और सुगंध जाने जैसे लक्षण नहीं देखे गए हैं.
